http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2115 Tue, 23 Jun 2026 07:37:53 GMT 2026-06-23T07:37:53Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2116 Title: Observer-Based Output Feedback Integral Control for Coal-Fired Power Plant: A Three-Time-Scale Perspective Authors: Munje, Ravindra; Lin, Shuyi; Guoqing, Zhang; Weidong, Zhang Abstract: The multivariable coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) are characterized by several interconnected nonlinear subsystems of varying time lags making the whole system stiff, and thereby attaining multitime-scale property. In this case, controls based on singular perturbation and time-scale theories provide superior results than conventional one. This brief aims to develop an integral state feedback controller with an observer using threetime- scale approach for CFPP. The integral action assures zero steady-state error, an observer determines states, and a threetime- scale technique provides flexibility to design independent subsystem controls. First, a state space model is obtained with state feedback integral action in three-time-scale form. Second, three-stage feedback control is proposed by an innovative twotime- scale separation so as to reduce design complexity and computations. Finally, an observer is constructed again by time-scale decoupling. It is then examined on the practical model of 300-MW CFPP for investigating plant behavior under various transients. In comparison, the performance of the suggested controller is found to be superior to a recently published controller. Sat, 01 Dec 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2116 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z